{"id":2953,"date":"2012-04-16T11:37:41","date_gmt":"2012-04-16T18:37:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.ups.edu\/studentlife\/?p=2953"},"modified":"2012-04-16T11:37:41","modified_gmt":"2012-04-16T18:37:41","slug":"istanbul-is-constantinople","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/2012\/04\/16\/istanbul-is-constantinople\/","title":{"rendered":"Istanbul is Constantinople"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>When I tell people that I study Byzantine art they are usually kind of confused. It is understandable. Before I took a class on Byzantine art in the fall of my junior year I only had a very vague idea of what Byzantium was. I knew it had to do with Eastern Europe, I knew there were mosaics and I was pretty sure Constantine was involved somehow. Beyond that however, I was not exactly interested in or aware of what went on during the empire\u2019s more than 1,000 year existence. Yes that\u2019s right, the Byzantine Empire lasted over 1,000 years (but you would never know that from the coverage it gets Western civ. classes)!<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m not sure why they don\u2019t teach more about the Byzantine Empire in school, so I have to educate friends and acquaintances about it myself. I usually start by asking if they know who Constantine is, and then gauge the direction I need to go from there. It makes sense that I would be interested in Byzantium, because I have always been kind of a contrarian who liked things no one else cared about. I love arguing the other side of an issue just to see if I can, and I have always had somewhat obscure hobbies and interests compared to my friends. I guess it would make sense that I love studying something that has prompted people to say, \u201cI didn\u2019t know that was a thing.\u201d That being said, I really think that Byzantine art is amazing, and in this short space I will try to begin to tell you why.<\/p>\n<p>A lot of the art produced in the Byzantine Empire parallels the works that came out of Western Europe during the same period. Both cultures produced works such as manuscripts and ivories that dealt with imperial and religious subject matter. It is in terms of style that the main differences between the two cultures become clear. Mosaics are probably the best known and most popular form of art to come out of Byzantium. Byzantine mosaics are known for their high artistic quality and use of magnificent gold tiles. My \u201cGreatest Hits of Byzantium\u201d list would include:<\/p>\n<p>Hagia Spohia &#8211; Constantinople<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Sophia.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2954\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Sophia-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Sophia-231x300.jpg 231w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Sophia.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 231px) 100vw, 231px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Hagia Sophia &#8211; Chirst Mosaic \u00a0ca. 1260s (The most famous mosaic)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-JC.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2955\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-JC-261x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"261\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-JC-261x300.jpg 261w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-JC.jpg 615w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 261px) 100vw, 261px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Hagia Sophia &#8211; Repentant Emperor late 9<sup>th<\/sup> century (My favorite mosaic!)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-leo.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2956\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-leo-300x239.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-leo-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/sophia-leo.jpg 502w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ivory of Empress Ariadne ca. 5<sup>th<\/sup> century<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/ariadne-.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2957\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/ariadne--203x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"203\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/ariadne--203x300.jpg 203w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/ariadne--692x1024.jpg 692w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/ariadne--624x922.jpg 624w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/ariadne-.jpg 812w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 203px) 100vw, 203px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>San Vitale Mosaics, Ravenna \u2013 mid 6<sup>th<\/sup> century<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Justinian.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2958\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Justinian-300x211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Justinian-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Justinian-624x439.jpg 624w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/Justinian.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Icon of Christ ca. 6<sup>th<\/sup> century (The oldest surviving icon of its kind)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/JC-icon.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2959\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/JC-icon-155x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"155\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/JC-icon-155x300.jpg 155w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/JC-icon.jpg 466w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 155px) 100vw, 155px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>David Plates ca. 630<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/david-plates.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2960\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/david-plates-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/david-plates-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/david-plates-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/david-plates-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/david-plates-624x624.jpg 624w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/david-plates.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Paris Psalter 10<sup>th<\/sup> century<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/paris-psalter.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2961\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/paris-psalter-272x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/paris-psalter-272x300.jpg 272w, https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/files\/2012\/04\/paris-psalter.jpg 435w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 272px) 100vw, 272px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>(Please note that this list is only a glimpse into Byzantine art, and heavily skewed towards my personal favorites. I also don\u2019t own any of these images)<\/p>\n<p>If the above works did not speak for themselves and you are still wondering how I became interested in Byzantine art, I can elaborate. The Paris Psalter was my gateway into Byzantine art. I won\u2019t go into excruciating specifics, but I was fascinated by its evidence of a seemingly random, hundred-year revival of classicism in Byzantine art. Dubbed the \u201cMacedonian Renaissance\u201d by a twentieth century scholar, the period witnessed a revived popularity of classical themes and motifs in Byzantine art and literature.<\/p>\n<p>When I applied for a summer research grant to study the manuscript I was mostly interested in the relationship between its classical and Old Testament themes. Over the course of the summer, I came to see the manuscript as a sort of jumping off point for what has become a broader art historical interest of mine: problematization of the \u201crenaissance\u201d and classicism. I became fascinated by the Paris Psalter and its status as an object of the so-called \u201cMacedonian Renaissance.\u201d The Macedonian Renaissance is interesting because it represents a short and isolated period in which classicism briefly regained and then lost popularity. Unlike the Italian Renaissance, classicism did not triumphantly squash out earlier \u201cmedieval\u201d representational styles. What makes this interesting to a scholar of art history is that it can be used to call question to the privilege that is given to the reappearance of classicism and periods of \u201crenaissance\u201d throughout art. During the tenth century, the reappearance of Greco-Roman themes and motifs was not a manifestation of classical humanism\u2019s triumph over the \u201cdark ages.\u201d Instead, it was arguably a momentary popularization of themes that were only popular with a small cultural elite.<\/p>\n<p>If all of that was confusing, don\u2019t worry \u2013 I am still trying to figure it all out for myself! I do hope that what you did get out of this was an introduction to all things Byzantium and a measure of understanding as to why I love Byzantine art so much.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When I tell people that I study Byzantine art they are usually kind of confused. It is understandable. Before I took a class on Byzantine art in the fall of my junior year I only had a very vague idea &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/2012\/04\/16\/istanbul-is-constantinople\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2953","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kelsey-eldridge-12"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2953","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2953"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2953\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2953"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2953"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.pugetsound.edu\/studentlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2953"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}